The use of green infrastructure elements in urban planning: environmental and economic efficiency

Abstract

This article presents an in-depth examination of the ecological and economic efficiency of green infrastructure
components within the context of modern urban planning. It explores the environmental and social benefits of
green spaces, vertical gardens, ecological transport systems, solar panels, and other energy-efficient
technologies. Drawing on academic research, international case studies, and contemporary urban projects, the
paper analyzes how these elements contribute to the sustainability and livability of urban environments.
Particular attention is given to current initiatives in Uzbekistan, such as the nationwide “Yashil Makon” (Green
Space) campaign and the “New Andijon” smart city development. The study identifies key challenges including
regulatory barriers, limited technical capacity, and financial constraints. Based on these findings, the article
proposes practical recommendations aimed at improving the implementation and effectiveness of green
infrastructure. This research contributes to the development of sustainable, resilient cities and highlights the
strategic role of environmental design in shaping healthier urban futures.