International engineering and landscape approaches to the planning of coastal territories in a sustainable urban environment
Coastal territories are increasingly recognized as key components of a sustainable urban environment due to their ecological, social, and engineering functions. However, climate-related risks and increasing anthropogenic pressure make coastal zones highly vulnerable and require integrated planning approaches. The aim of this study is to analyze international engineering and landscape approaches to coastal territory planning and to identify an integrated conceptual model ensuring ecological resilience, engineering stability, and social functionality. The methodology is based on qualitative and comparative analysis of scientific publications, analytical reports, and case studies, supported by a system approach. The results show that the most effective planning solutions are achieved through the coordinated implementation of green infrastructure, engineering adaptation, ecological regeneration, and social integration. The proposed conceptual framework can be applied in landscape and urban design practice, especially in arid and climate-vulnerable regions
coastal territories, sustainable urban environment, green infrastructure, landscape architecture, climate adaptation, nature-based solutions
Portland cement with limestone additive based on local raw materials
This study investigates the influence of limestone additive on the physico-mechanical and chemical properties of Portland cement produced from local raw materials. Introducing limestone in amounts of 10–20 % improves the granulometric composition of cement, enhances the workability of cement paste, reduces clinker consumption, and accelerates early hydration. Experimental results showed that at the optimal additive content, sufficient compressive and flexural strength is achieved within the standard setting periods. The results confirm the feasibility of effective use of local limestone in the production of blended Portland cements that meet modern standards, allowing clinker savings and reducing production costs.
portland cement, limestone, mineral additive, strength, clinker, gypsum, cement hydration, mechanical strength, porosity, chemical composition
Project-based thinking and psychological-pedagogical disciplines: bridging theory and practice in higher education
In this paper, the importance of psychological and pedagogical disciplines — psychology, pedagogy, social psychology, developmental psychology, and pedagogical acmeology — is substantively examined as a fundamental and system-forming basis for students’ professional development and the formation of their project-based thinking in higher education. It is shown that these disciplines are not an optional addition to the curriculum, but constitute its internal core, giving the educational process meaningfulness and a human-centered dimension.
psychological-pedagogical disciplines, pedagogical acmeology, developmental psychology, project-based activity, soft skills, competence-based approach, critical thinking, professional development, higher education
Ensuring the priority of public transport and traffic safety in Tashkent
This study examines the issues of ensuring road traffic safety in the public transport system of Tashkent city and creating a convenient and safe environment for pedestrians. It also analyzes the directions for the comprehensive development of public transport, the provision of high-quality and safe transport services to passengers, and the improvement of transport infrastructure. The paper highlights modern methods and effective solutions for enhancing traffic safety in public transport.
public transport, traffic safety, road accidents, passenger vehicles, routes, buses, statistical observation, interviews, pedestrian traffic, traffic flow
Application of artificial intelligence and GIS technologies for zoning areas at risk of sand drift on highways
Sand drift and sandstorms pose a complex hazard to highways in arid regions, causing reduced visibility, deterioration of pavement surface friction properties, and increased operating costs [1], [2]. According to recent estimates, drylands cover 40.6% of the Earth’s land surface, while sand and dust storms affect approximately 330 million people in more than 150 countries [1], [3]. This thesis proposes an approach based on the integration of artificial intelligence (AI), remote sensing, and GIS for identifying and zoning areas at risk of sand drift on highways into five categories. By combining Sentinel-1/2, Landsat, ERA5-Land, DEM, and road geometry data, it is shown that the probability of risk can be dynamically assessed for road sections. The literature review reports AUC values of 96.2% for the RF model, 0.94 for SVM, and IoU values of up to 89% for U-Net in desert road extraction [5], [6], [7]. As a result, a practical zoning scheme was developed to support monitoring, prevention, and investment prioritization for roads passing through arid regions of Uzbekistan and adjacent risk zones.
sand drift, hazardous zone, zoning, artificial intelligence, GIS, remote sensing, highway, Sentinel-1, Random Forest, U-Net
Forecasting the development of China–Europe freight flows through Central Asia and Uzbekistan’s role as a transport and logistics hub
The article examines current trends in the development of transport corridors between China and Europe through Central Asia under the conditions of global economic transformation and increasing geopolitical instability. Particular attention is paid to the role of the Republic of Uzbekistan as a key link in the Eurasian transport and logistics system. The dynamics of freight flows along the Trans-Caspian route, as well as the factors influencing the development of transit transportation, are analyzed. Based on statistical data and materials from international organizations, the current state of the region’s transport infrastructure is assessed. Using a scenario-based approach, a forecast of freight flows up to 2035 is developed. It is established that Uzbekistan has significant potential to become a transport and logistics hub through the development of multimodal transportation, digitalization, and integration into global supply chains.
transport logistics, international transport corridors, Central Asia, Uzbekistan, transit transportation, freight flows, China–Europe, Trans-Caspian route, multimodal transportation, transport and logistics hub, foreign trade, freight flow forecasting
Processes of implementing gender policy in science in Uzbekistan
The scientific article shows the existence of regulatory legal documents related to gender policy in Uzbekistan, as well as the creation of conditions for women to conduct scientific research. Information is provided on the establishment of a management system in this field at the local level and in relevant organizations. Based on reliable statistical data, the article presents the number of female scientists in various scientific fields. The achievements of the named female scientists are recognized not only in Uzbekistan but also in foreign countries.
gender policy, management, female scientist, science, achievements
Influence of a truncated conical elastomeric element on rotor vibrations in a bearing support
The paper investigates the influence of a truncated conical elastomeric element embedded in a bearing support on the vibrational behavior of a rotor system. A dynamic model of the “rotor–bearing–support” system is considered, taking into account the elastic and damping properties of the elastomeric layer and the asymmetry of the rotor’s center of mass. Based on Lagrange’s equations of the second kind, an equation of forced vibrations is obtained, and numerical modeling of amplitude–frequency and transient characteristics is performed. It is shown that the use of a conical elastomer leads to a reduction in resonance amplitudes, a shift in the critical frequency, and an increase in the dynamic stability of the system.
rotor system, bearing support, elastomeric element, truncated cone, rotor vibrations, damping, critical frequency
Methodology for improving software and didactic support aimed at developing programming competence among future engineers
In the context of digitalization of education, the creation of an integrated system that combines modern software development technologies, a didactic model, and a methodology for their implementation in the educational process is of particular importance. The developed didactic model for the course “Information Technologies in Technical Systems” includes target, organizational-methodological, content-related, and diagnostic blocks, and is based on competence-based, system-activity, spiral, and modular approaches. It implements the principles of adaptability, visualization, interactivity, and interdisciplinarity, and also ensures the objectivity of assessment through a system of criteria and indicators reflecting motivation, independence, technical accuracy, creativity, and knowledge integration.
Investigation of the thermal stability of the compositions of thermoset-based, anti-friction, wear-resistant polymer composite materials
This article shows the thermal stability of an antifriction, wear-resistant polymer composite material developed for the drum spikes of machines used for cleaning fine particles from cotton. The obtained samples were tested using STA200 thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis equipment in the temperature range of 25-600 °C. The article discusses how properties vary depending on the filler type and its mass fraction. It also highlights that the resulting materials can be used as coatings for machine parts, potentially extending their service life due to their wear-resistant properties. A key advantage of the proposed material is that the application of composite polymer coatings can simplify the repair processes of structures, thereby achieving economic efficiency.
antifriction-wear-resistant, polymer material, composite, thermal stability, thermogravimetric analysis, differential thermal analysis, antifriction material, drum spikes
Theoretical foundations and practical experience of using Mentimeter WordCloud application in Uzbek language classes for higher education students
The integration of interactive digital tools in higher education plays an important role in enhancing student engagement and instructional effectiveness. This study examines the theoretical foundations and practical implementation of the Mentimeter WordCloud feature in Uzbek language classes using a quasi-experimental design involving 50 third-year students divided into control and experimental groups. Over four instructional sessions, the experimental group engaged in real-time WordCloud-based activities, while the control group received traditional instruction. Comparative analysis showed higher mean performance in the experimental group (M = 4.5) compared to the control group (M = 3.8), along with increased levels of reported engagement and participation. The study also outlines a basic digital workflow involving real-time response collection, aggregation, and word-frequency visualization. The findings indicate that structured WordCloud integration can support cognitive engagement, collaborative discussion, and formative feedback in language instruction.
mentimeter, WordCloud visualization, applied educational technology, quasi-experimental study, student engagement analytics, higher education, Uzbek language instruction, digital pedagogy
Critical evaluation of ELSAKTI learning management system implementation at Universitas Pancasakti Tegal based on student document analysis
This article presents a critical evaluation of the implementation of ELSAKTI Learning Management System at Universitas Pancasakti Tegal, Indonesia, based on document analysis of four student evaluation papers from the Master of Pedagogy program. The study employs a qualitative document analysis approach to examine the gap between the pedagogical potential of LMS and its actual implementation in digital learning environments. Drawing on constructivist, connectivist, TPACK, and cognitive load theoretical frameworks, the analysis identifies four primary challenges: inconsistent lecturer adoption, fragmented platform usage, limited pedagogical integration, and usability constraints that increase extraneous cognitive load. Findings reveal that while ELSAKTI possesses adequate technical infrastructure, its effectiveness is compromised by weak institutional policies, absence of standardized instructional design, and varying levels of digital competence among lecturers. Comparison with successful national LMS programs (PPG, Guru Penggerak) underscores the need for structured content and dedicated support teams. Fragmented platform usage raises equity concerns, creating unequal learning experiences across courses. The study contributes to the growing literature on LMS implementation in higher education by providing a multi-stakeholder perspective on the systemic barriers to optimal LMS utilization. Recommendations include establishing institutional policies mandating LMS as the primary learning platform, developing instructional design support teams, implementing systematic digital pedagogy training programs, and improving usability design to reduce cognitive load.
Learning Management System, digital learning, higher education, pedagogical evaluation, technology integration, constructivism, cognitive load, TPACK
On the standardization of fuel and electricity consumption for hybrid vehicles
The article addresses the issues of standardizing fuel and electricity consumption for hybrid vehicles in the context of the transition to energy-efficient and environmentally oriented transport. The relevance of developing unified methodological approaches to establishing standards for the consumption of fuel and energy resources is substantiated, taking into account the requirements of the current legislation of the Republic of Uzbekistan in the field of energy saving and energy efficiency improvement. The operational features of hybrid vehicles combining an internal combustion engine and an electric drive are analyzed, as well as the influence of driving modes, battery state of charge, and energy recuperation processes on actual fuel and electricity consumption. A methodology for conducting full-scale operational tests under real operating conditions is presented, including requirements for the technical condition of the tested vehicles, the procedure for control measurements, and an algorithm for statistical processing of measurement results. Calculation formulas for determining actual and average fuel consumption, estimating measurement errors, and forming confidence intervals are provided. An approach to calculating the standardized electricity consumption for charging traction batteries is considered, taking into account their nominal capacity, charging equipment efficiency, and operating factors.
hybrid vehicle, fuel consumption standard, fuel consumption calculation, battery, battery charging, generator, recuperation, electric motor, internal combustion engine, electricity consumption, energy efficiency
Development of Turkic languages in the era of global integration
In the modern world, global integration significantly influences the development of languages. The international status of Turkic languages is gradually increasing, and new stages of their development are emerging. This article examines the historical development of Turkic languages and their role in the process of globalization. It highlights their rich cultural heritage, unique linguistic features, and the importance of digital technologies and the internet in promoting these languages. The study emphasizes that Turkic languages are actively developing and strengthening their position in modern global communication.
language family, Turkic language, integration, research.
The effect of dispersed silica gel on the physical and mechanical properties of cement binder for non-autoclaved foam concrete
The effect of ground silica gel on hydration processes, phase composition, and the properties of cement stone as a matrix for non-autoclaved foam concrete was studied. It was established that modification of the binder at a reduced water-cement ratio increases strength by up to 25–30% and improves the structural uniformity of the material. According to the results of X-ray phase analysis (XRD), a decrease in the content of portlandite Ca(OH)₂ and an increase in the proportion of the amorphous C–S–H phase were identified, indicating the development of pozzolanic reactions. The obtained data confirm the effectiveness of using ground silica gel for the targeted regulation of the structure and properties of cement stone.
ground silica gel, cement stone, cement hydration, X-ray phase analysis, C–S–H phase, water-cement ratio, non-autoclaved foam concrete
Digital education as a driver for increasing women’s participation in STEM fields
Digital education is emerging as a transformative tool for increasing women’s participation in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) fields worldwide. Despite recognition of the critical role of women in driving innovation, they continue to face structural barriers, cultural stereotypes, and limited access to high-quality training and mentorship opportunities. This paper explores how online learning platforms, remote training programs, and digital resources can empower women to acquire technical skills, develop leadership capabilities, and actively contribute to innovation ecosystems. Drawing on national initiatives in Uzbekistan, as well as global programs such as “Technovation Girls” and “One Million Programmers,” the study highlights the ways in which flexible and accessible digital education promotes creativity, critical thinking, and problem-solving abilities among women. Additionally, the paper examines the socio-psychological and organizational factors that influence women’s engagement and persistence in STEM careers, including mentorship networks, supportive policies, and the development of soft skills alongside technical expertise. The findings indicate that digital education not only increases participation and retention of women in STEM but also enhances their capacity to lead innovative projects and drive socio-economic development. By addressing gender disparities through digital learning and inclusive policies, societies can unlock the full potential of women in science and technology, ensuring sustainable innovation and equitable growth.
digital Education, women in STEM, gender equality, online learning, STEM education
The role and importance of transport corridors in Uzbekistan
This article provides information on the transport corridors that have passed through the territory of Uzbekistan and are now planned for construction. It studies the strategic importance of international railway corridors passing through Uzbekistan, in particular, with a focus on the China-Kyrgyzstan-Uzbekistan (CKU) railway and its associated multimodal transport routes. The study identifies the role of these corridors in strengthening regional connectivity, reducing transport costs, and strengthening Uzbekistan's position as a transit hub.
transport corridors, Uzbekistan, international railway corridors, China-Kyrgyzstan-Uzbekistan railway, Trans-Afghan corridor, regional connectivity, transit potential, logistics hub, freight transportation, eurasian transport network
Neuropedagogical strategies for teaching foreign languages to preschool children within the framework of the "Ilk qadam" state program and digital transformation in Uzbekistan
This research paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the neurophysiological foundations of foreign language acquisition in the preschool education system. Within the framework of the "Ilk Qadam" state curriculum, the effectiveness of neuropedagogical approaches is explored, specifically focusing on the relationship between brain plasticity and cognitive development. The article scientifically substantiates the role of digital technologies and interactive musical tools in the process of linguistic coding. The research findings indicate the necessity of implementing an educational model based on multisensory integration and neurobiological principles to enhance the intellectual potential of preschool children.
neuropedagogics, preschool education, language acquisition, cognitive development, digital integration, ilk qadam program, sensory integration
Research on the synthesis of zeolite NaX using Angren kaolin
In this study, the potential use of Angren kaolin as a source of silicon and aluminum oxides for the synthesis of NaX zeolite was investigated. The synthesis of NaX zeolite involved several stages: obtaining metakaolin from kaolin, preparing the synthesis mixture with the required molar ratio of the initial components, adding silicate to regulate the Si/Al ratio in accordance with X-type zeolites, and subsequent hydrothermal treatment at 120 °C. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the successful transformation of the synthesized mixture into NaX zeolite. Spectroscopic analyses further verified the formation of the crystalline structure of NaX zeolite synthesized using kaolin as a source of silicon and aluminum
kaolin, porous materials, zeolite NaX, spectroscopy, hydrothermal method, crystal
Enhancing women’s leadership in science and innovation
Enhancing women’s leadership in science and innovation has become a critical priority in the context of global knowledge economies and sustainable development. Despite notable progress in women’s access to education, their representation in leadership positions within stem fields remains limited. This paper examines the structural, socio-cultural, and institutional barriers that hinder women’s advancement into leadership roles in science and innovation. Drawing on interdisciplinary research and global data, the study identifies key challenges, including gender stereotypes, limited access to professional networks, lack of mentorship, and organizational biases. Furthermore, the paper explores how these barriers contribute to underutilization of women’s potential in innovation ecosystems. The findings highlight that inclusive leadership is essential for enhancing creativity, improving decision-making, and ensuring more equitable and effective scientific outcomes. In response, the study proposes a set of strategic recommendations, including leadership development programs, gender-sensitive policies, mentorship initiatives, and institutional reforms aimed at fostering inclusive environments. The paper concludes that strengthening women’s leadership in science and innovation is not only a matter of equity but also a strategic driver of sustainable and inclusive development.
women’s leadership, science and innovation, gender equality, stem, leadership development, innovation systems, women in stem
Application of digital twin technology for monitoring residential buildings
The rapid digitalization of the construction industry has led to the development of advanced technologies for monitoring and managing the condition of buildings and infrastructure. One of the most promising approaches is Digital Twin technology, which creates a dynamic digital representation of a physical object by integrating digital models with real-time monitoring data. This study investigates the application of Digital Twin technology for monitoring residential buildings in Uzbekistan, a region characterized by high seismic activity. The proposed framework integrates Building Information Modeling (BIM), sensor-based Structural Health Monitoring (SHM), and cloud-based data analytics to provide continuous assessment of structural performance. The methodology includes the development of a detailed BIM model of the building, the installation of a network of structural and environmental sensors, and the integration of collected data into a digital twin platform for real-time analysis and visualization. The system enables monitoring of vibration characteristics, deformation, and environmental effects on structural elements. The results demonstrate that the integration of digital models, sensor networks, and artificial intelligence technologies allows early detection of structural anomalies, supports predictive maintenance strategies, and improves the reliability and safety of residential buildings. The proposed approach can serve as a technological basis for developing digital seismic passports of buildings and implementing smart infrastructure monitoring systems in Uzbekistan and other seismically active regions
digital twin, structural health monitoring, BIM, seismic monitoring, residential buildings, sensor networks, predictive maintenance, smart infrastructure
Influence of silica gel dispersion and superplasticizer on the properties of cement paste
The influence of the dispersion and content of ground silica gel on the properties of cement paste in the presence of a polycarboxylate-based superplasticizer was investigated. Silica gel was introduced in amounts of 5, 10, and 15% by mass of cement, while the superplasticizer dosage was 1%. It was established that an increase in the fineness of silica gel promotes the intensification of hydration processes and the formation of a denser cement paste structure. It was shown that the optimal silica gel content is 5%, at which the maximum strengthening effect is achieved. The incorporation of the superplasticizer reduces the water-to-cement ratio and enhances the compressive strength of the cement paste; however, it is accompanied by an increase in setting time. The highest strength was obtained for the composition containing 5% finely dispersed silica gel and 1% superplasticizer. The observed effect is attributed to the combined action of the additives and the densification of the cement paste structure.
silica gel, fineness, cement paste, superplasticizer, water-to-cement ratio, compressive strength, setting time, modification of cementitious systems
Stress-dependent senomorphic-like activity of buckwheat-derived rutin mediated via SIRT1
Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is a key NAD⁺-dependent deacetylase regulating cellular metabolism, oxidative stress resistance, and longevity. This study investigates the senomorphic-like effects of buckwheat-derived rutin on SIRT1 under basal and toxic stress conditions. Using in vivo experiments in mice (liver and kidney tissues, n=8/group) and in silico molecular docking, we assessed SIRT1 protein levels and rutin interactions. BPA-induced stress decreased SIRT1 expression (p < 0.05), whereas co-treatment with buckwheat extract restored and elevated SIRT1 above control levels, indicating stress-responsive modulation. Docking analysis revealed strong binding of rutin to the SIRT1 catalytic site (up to –10.3 kcal/mol) with multiple hydrogen bonds, supporting direct modulatory potential. These findings suggest that buckwheat bioactives maintain homeostatic SIRT1 under normal conditions while enhancing its activity under stress, providing a potential dietary strategy to mitigate senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP)-related damage.
SIRT1, buckwheat, senomorphic, rutin, molecular docking, oxidative stress, SASP
The 15-minute city as a framework for sustainable urban development: A comparative analysis of proximity-based planning in Paris, Vienna, and Tashkent
The 15-minute city has emerged as a contemporary urban planning paradigm aimed at improving sustainability, social equity, and quality of life by ensuring that essential daily services are accessible within a short walking or cycling distance from residential areas. By prioritizing proximity, mixed land use, and active mobility, the model challenges car-dependent urban development patterns and promotes human-centered urban environments. This paper examines the theoretical foundations of the 15-minute city concept, its implications for urban mobility and governance, and its applicability across diverse urban contexts, including transitional cities. Using a qualitative and comparative analytical approach, the study reviews international implementation practices and policy frameworks in order to identify both the opportunities and limitations of proximity-based planning. The findings indicate that the 15-minute city represents a flexible and adaptive framework for sustainable urban development; however, its successful implementation depends on integrated transport systems, inclusive planning policies, and context-sensitive adaptation to local socio-spatial conditions.
15-minute city, sustainable urbanism, proximity planning, walkability, urban mobility, inclusive development
Problems of preservation, reconstruction and restoration of the historical and cultural heritage of Bukhara
The article is devoted to the analysis of the issues of preservation, reconstruction and restoration of the historical and cultural heritage of Bukhara. The historical experience of monument care from ancient times to the Soviet period is considered, achievements and mistakes in the field of restoration in the 20th century are assessed. Particular attention is paid to modern projects implemented with the support of international organizations, as well as current challenges associated with preserving the authenticity of the architectural appearance of the city. The author emphasizes the need for an integrated approach that combines scientific methods, traditional techniques and modern technologies for the effective protection of the cultural heritage of Bukhara. Also, modern problems of preservation, reconstruction and restoration of the historical and cultural heritage of the city of Bukhara - one of the most important centers of Islamic architecture in Central Asia are considered. Based on the analysis of historical sources, architectural monuments and restoration practices of the 20th-21st centuries, both successful examples of preservation and mistakes leading to the loss of authenticity are identified. Particular attention is paid to the methods and materials used in the restoration of key sites, such as the Lyabi-Khauz and Poi-Kalyan ensembles. The necessity of a comprehensive and scientifically based approach to the protection of cultural heritage in the context of modern urbanization and tourism is emphasized.
Bukhara, historical and cultural heritage, restoration, reconstruction, preservation of monuments, UNESCO, architecture, traditional methods, modern restoration. architecture of Central Asia; Lyabi-Khauz; Kalyan minaret
Women’s role in engineering innovation and scientific leadership in modern stem systems
This scientific article presents a comprehensive analysis of energy losses in photovoltaic power plants under the climatic conditions of Karshi. The study identifies and systematizes the main factors affecting the conversion of solar energy into electrical energy, including shading, soiling, temperature effects, module degradation, and electrical losses, along with their quantitative assessment. Considering the high solar radiation and sharply continental climate of the region, scientifically grounded recommendations for improving the efficiency of photovoltaic systems have been developed.
women in STEM, engineering innovation, gender equality, scientific leadership, technology development, STEM education
Analysis of energy losses in photovoltaic power plants under the climatic conditions of Karshi
photovoltaic power plant, solar energy, energy losses, Karshi climate, efficiency, solar radiation, efficiency coefficient, shading, degradation
Extensive application and characteristic properties of mastic asphalt concrete
This article presents the properties, advantages, and applications of mastic asphalt concrete. The application methodology of mastic asphalt concrete is analyzed based on the example of Japanese practice. In addition, the standard properties of bitumen, as well as the standard characteristics of bitumen used in mastic asphalt mixtures, are described. Target values for penetration and Luehr flow of the mastic asphalt mixture are also provided. Recommendations for the use of the Luehr flow diagram and the specific aspects of mastic asphalt production are discussed. For road pavements in areas with dense traffic and a tendency toward plastic flow (deformation), the target values of penetration are specified.
mastic asphalt concrete, steel bridge, penetration, flowability, pavement, “compliance domain.”
A model for determining employee compliance with professional requirements in human–machine systems of railway transport
The article discusses the issues of minimizing the influence of the human factor on train traffic safety and occupational safety in railway transport. An analysis of statistical data on occupational injuries and violations of labor protection requirements at the enterprises of JSC “Uzbekiston Temir Yollari” was carried out. It was established that a significant part of safety violations is associated with an insufficient level of professional training, non-compliance with technological processes, and inadequate control over personnel activities. A methodology for determining the professional profile and assessing the degree of compliance of an employee’s individual profile with the requirements of a specific professional activity is proposed. The methodology is based on comparing the reference professional profile and the individual characteristics of an employee using normalized indicators and weight coefficients of significance. A compliance assessment coefficient was developed, making it possible to determine the level of professional suitability of personnel, identify risk groups, and formulate recommendations for training, rotation, and restriction of access to certain operations.
railway transport, human factor, train traffic safety, labor protection, professional profile, profession profile, personnel assessment, occupational injuries, professional suitability, risk of errors, modeling, personnel management
Non-autoclaved aerated concrete with a modified carbonate-sulfate additive based on soda ash production waste
The article considers the technology for producing non-autoclaved aerated concrete using a modified carbonate-sulfate additive prepared from the solid sludge fraction of soda ash production waste. The distinctive feature of the proposed development is the preliminary preparation of technogenic raw material, including separation of the liquid phase, washing from water-soluble chlorides, carbonation, drying, fine grinding, and mechanochemical activation. It has been established that such treatment reduces the negative influence of soluble salts, stabilizes the alkalinity of the additive, improves the uniformity of gas formation, and densifies the interpore partitions of the cement matrix. The developed non-autoclaved aerated concrete with an average density of D500–D600 is characterized by compressive strength of 2.75–4.65 MPa, reduced water absorption, and lower shrinkage. The proposed technology makes it possible to use local technogenic raw materials, reduce energy consumption by eliminating autoclave treatment, and improve the resource efficiency of cellular concrete production.
non-autoclaved aerated concrete, cellular concrete, carbonate-sulfate additive, soda ash production waste, chloride washing, carbonation, mechanochemical activation, porous structure, interpore partitions, water absorption, shrinkage