Methods for Calculating Retaining Walls Composed of Modern Prefabricated Elements and Their Stability Conditions

Abstract

This article discusses the design principles, calculation methods, and stability conditions of reinforced retaining walls composed of modern prefabricated elements. The study analyzes the main loads acting on retaining walls, soil pressure, the working principles of reinforcing elements, and their influence on the structural strength of the system. In addition, the overall stability conditions of the wall, including overturning, sliding, and foundation stability, are evaluated based on engineering calculations. The technical and economic advantages of using modern prefabricated elements, as well as their role in accelerating construction processes, are also considered. The article presents the practical application of retaining walls reinforced with geosynthetic materials and metal reinforcements, together with the standard design approaches used in their calculation. The obtained results are important for ensuring the reliability and long-term serviceability of reinforced retaining walls used in highways, railways, and other transport infrastructure facilities.