Problems and prospects of combating monopoly in Uzbekistan

Abstract

This study examines monopolistic practices in Uzbekistan from the perspectives of entrepreneurs, consumers, and experts. Using a mixed-method approach based on survey data (44 respondents) and expert interviews, the research analyzes awareness of monopolistic behavior, perceived market fairness, barriers to entry, service quality, and the effectiveness of recent reforms. The findings indicate high awareness of monopolistic practices alongside a widespread perception of unfair competition and low satisfaction with services in sectors such as telecommunications, energy, and utilities. Significant administrative and infrastructural barriers continue to limit market entry, particularly for small and medium-sized enterprises. Although recent reforms, including the 2024 antimonopoly resolution, are viewed positively, their effectiveness remains moderate due to persistent structural constraints, such as limited regulatory independence, low consumer awareness, and digital inequality. The study concludes that strengthening competition in Uzbekistan requires not only legislative improvements but also enhanced institutional capacity, public engagement, and reduction of the digital divide.