Improving organizational and technological mechanisms for the development of outsourcing services in transport logistics enterprises: Literature Review

Abstract

The evolution of outsourcing in transport logistics is driven by the improvement of organizational structures and the integration of advanced technologies to increase efficiency and competitiveness. Recent literature highlights the important role of organizational mechanisms such as robust outsourcing management processes (OMPs) in mitigating risks such as service failures and supplier opportunism. Uzbekistan's logistics sector, which includes more than 250 specialized firms, demonstrates growing expertise in freight forwarding, customs brokerage, and warehousing, but gaps remain in the implementation of advanced technologies such as IoT and blockchain for real-time tracking and process automation. This study investigates the enhancement of organizational and technological mechanisms in outsourcing services for transport and logistics enterprises. Through a systematic literature review of 25 peer-reviewed articles (1990–2024), we analyze frameworks, technologies, and strategies driving outsourcing efficiency. Key findings highlight the critical role of digital tools (e.g., blockchain, IoT, AI) in optimizing vendor collaboration and risk management, alongside organizational strategies like core competency alignment and agile supply chain design. The article identifies gaps in sustainability integration and real-time decision-making, proposing future research directions.