Women’s role in engineering innovation and scientific leadership in modern stem systems

Abstract

This scientific article presents a comprehensive analysis of energy losses in photovoltaic power plants under the climatic conditions of Karshi. The study identifies and systematizes the main factors affecting the conversion of solar energy into electrical energy, including shading, soiling, temperature effects, module degradation, and electrical losses, along with their quantitative assessment. Considering the high solar radiation and sharply continental climate of the region, scientifically grounded recommendations for improving the efficiency of photovoltaic systems have been developed.