Wear-resistant elastic composite materials working in difficult conditions

Abstract

This article presents the results of the study of the possibility of using cisilgium (GLEJ) of Angren deposit as a mineral filler in the production of elastomeric compositions. At the same time its physical and chemical properties and structural features, as well as methods of enrichment are studied. When studying the process of mixing rubbers with purified GLEJ, it is established increased rubbing and absorption in the matrix in comparison with the initial ones, which are characterized by lower values of the amplitude of torque oscillations. The studies have established that the introduction of GLEJ into the elastomeric composition increases the values of conditional stress at 100-300% elongation and tensile strength, compared to rubber containing commercially used fillers, as well as significantly increases the resistance of rubbers to tearing and wear. This is particularly pronounced at a content of 40-60 wt. hr. GLEJ per 100 wt.h. of rubber, i.e. tear resistance increases from 40.6 to 76.4 kN/m and wear from 0.4 to 0.86. As a result, the technology of cleaning of GLEJ from metal oxides is proposed. Sufficiently high degree of cleaning by the specified method is connected with the fact that in the process of temperature influence at 950 K iron ions from paramagnetic state (d-form of Fe2O3) pass to ferromagnetic (g-form of Fe3O4). The feasibility and prospects of its use in the formulations of rubber mixtures for the production of various types of rubber products working in difficult conditions of railroad tracks, as well as in mechanical engineering.